Back to: Routine Biochemistry
Glucose by GOD POD
Test Name: Blood Glucose
Test Method: GOD POD Method
Test Principle: The Glucose Oxidase (GOD) Peroxidase (POD) Method is based on the enzymatic reaction between glucose and glucose oxidase, which produces gluconic acid and hydrogen peroxide. In the presence of peroxidase, the hydrogen peroxide reacts with a chromogen to form a colored compound. The intensity of the color formed is directly proportional to the glucose concentration in the sample.
Metabolism or Outline: Blood glucose is the measurement of the concentration of glucose in the bloodstream. Glucose is the primary source of energy for the body’s cells and is regulated by hormones such as insulin and glucagon.
Primary Sample(s) Required: Blood
Container Color Code: Lavender
Quantity Required: 2 mL
Patient Preparation Instructions: For accurate results, it is recommended to fast for at least 8 hours before the test. However, follow the specific instructions given by your healthcare provider.
Sample Stability:
- Room Temperature: Stable for 8 hours
- Refrigerated: Stable for 7 days
- Frozen: Stable for 3 months
Biological Reference Range:
- Fasting: 70-99 mg/dL (3.9-5.5 mmol/L)
- Postprandial (2 hours after a meal): Less than 140 mg/dL (7.8 mmol/L)
Units and Alternate Units:
- Milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL)
- Millimoles per liter (mmol/L)
Conversion: 1 mg/dL = 0.0555 mmol/L
Increased in:
- Diabetes mellitus
- Pancreatitis
- Stress or illness
- Certain medications (such as corticosteroids)
Decreased in:
- Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar)
- Liver disease
- Malnutrition
- Certain medications (such as insulin or oral hypoglycemic agents)
Other Related Tests:
- Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)
- Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT)
- Fructosamine
Organs Connected to the Test:
- Pancreas: Responsible for producing insulin, which regulates blood glucose levels.
- Liver: Involved in the regulation of glucose metabolism and glycogen storage.
Calculations & Equations: No specific calculations or equations are involved in the Blood Glucose test using the GOD POD Method. The concentration of glucose is determined by measuring the intensity of the color reaction and comparing it to a standard curve.
Glucose by Hexokinase
Test Name: Glucose by Hexokinase
Test Method: Hexokinase Method
Test Principle: The Hexokinase method is based on the enzymatic reaction between glucose and hexokinase, which catalyzes the phosphorylation of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate. The glucose-6-phosphate is then oxidized by glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, generating NADH. The amount of NADH produced is directly proportional to the glucose concentration in the sample and is measured spectrophotometrically.
Metabolism or Outline: Blood glucose is the measurement of the concentration of glucose in the bloodstream. Glucose is the primary source of energy for the body’s cells and is regulated by hormones such as insulin and glucagon.
Primary Sample(s) Required: Blood
Container Color Code: Lavender
Quantity Required: 2 mL
Patient Preparation Instructions: For accurate results, it is recommended to fast for at least 8 hours before the test. However, follow the specific instructions given by your healthcare provider.
Sample Stability:
- Room Temperature: Stable for 8 hours
- Refrigerated: Stable for 7 days
- Frozen: Stable for 3 months
Biological Reference Range:
- Fasting: 70-99 mg/dL (3.9-5.5 mmol/L)
- Postprandial (2 hours after a meal): Less than 140 mg/dL (7.8 mmol/L)
Units and Alternate Units:
- Milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL)
- Millimoles per liter (mmol/L)
Conversion: 1 mg/dL = 0.0555 mmol/L
Increased in:
- Diabetes mellitus
- Pancreatitis
- Stress or illness
- Certain medications (such as corticosteroids)
Decreased in:
- Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar)
- Liver disease
- Malnutrition
- Certain medications (such as insulin or oral hypoglycemic agents)
Other Related Tests:
- Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)
- Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT)
- Fructosamine
Organs Connected to the Test:
- Pancreas: Responsible for producing insulin, which regulates blood glucose levels.
- Liver: Involved in the regulation of glucose metabolism and glycogen storage.
Calculations & Equations: No specific calculations or equations are involved in the Glucose by Hexokinase test. The concentration of glucose is determined by measuring the amount of NADH produced, which is directly proportional to the glucose concentration in the sample.